Rather than being a monolithic wall-like structure, however, the intestinal barrier consists of numerous specialized components and heterogeneous cell types and intercellular junctions that achieve this function [6, 7]
Moreover, chondrocyte apoptosis, triggered by ER stress, nitric oxide, and oxidative insults, plays a critical role in cartilage degradation
Scarlett DJ, Herst P, Tan A, Prata C, Berridge M: Mitochondrial gene-knockout (rho0) cells: a versatile model for exploring the secrets of trans-plasma membrane electron transport
Furthermore, ABCC5 overexpression increased SLC7A11 expression, decreased lipid peroxidation, and increased intracellular GSH levels, resulting in reduced ferroptosis (91)